Sandro Boticelli Essay Example For Students

Sandro Boticelli Essay Sandro Botticelli, born Alessandro Mariano Filipepi, was the son of a tanner. He was born in Florence around 1445 and showed a talent for painting at a very early age. Botticelli was first apprenticed under a goldsmith named Sandro, from whom it is believed he derived his nickname. At the age of sixteen, he served an apprenticeship with the painter Fra Filippo Lippi Durant, 1953. From Lippi he learned to create the effect of transparency, to draw outlines, and to give his pictures fluidity and harmony. He also worked with painter and engraver Antonio del Pollaiuolo, from whom he gained his sense of line. By 1470, Botticelli had his own workshop and had developed a highly personal style characterized by elegant execution, a sense of melancholy, and a strong emphasis on line. Botticelli spent most of his life working for the great families of Florence, including the Medici family. Botticellis name appears regularly in the account books of members of the Medici family, for whom he painted banners, portraits, and altarpieces along with paintings of allegorical or mythological subject matter. Likenesses of the Medici family are found in various paintings including Judith, Madonna of the Magnificat, and Adoration of the Magi. Apart from his works for members of the Medici family, Botticelli received many commissions from other prominent members of the Florentine society, including the Vespucci family. Botticelli first made a name for himself by his paintings of the Virgin and Child, and was given a public commission to paint Fortitude which was to be hung in the Trade law court. In about 1481, Botticelli, along with Ghirlandaio, Perugino, and Cosimo Rosselli, was called to Rome by Pope Sixtus IV to decorate the walls of the Sistine Chapel with scenes from the Old and New Testaments. Botticelli controlled the scheme and executed three of the frescoes. The large scale of these works and the attempt to include several stages of narrative in one composition were not fully mastered and remain confused and disorganized Gowing, 1983. In his paintings, Botticelli retained enough objects and paid enough attention to the human body to create a sense of realism, but it is evident that he was more concerned with the spiritual presence of his subjects Magill, 1989. Because of this, his subjects were less individualized in terms of their clothing or bodily structure and the sense of a domestic scene was not emphasized. Feminine beauty was so much a part of Botticellis classical and religious paintings that is has been speculated that he was deeply influenced by the Neoplatonists, who equated the concept of beauty with truth Magill, 1989. Botticelli was influenced less by exciting scientific rules for drawing than by the thinking of humanists such as Ficino and the religious fervor that swept through Florence when the French invaded Italy. Botticellis brilliant drawings did not contain the grace and charm as those of Ficino, but were definite and strong. His paintings are not so much illustrations of his subjects as they are  the subjects themselves Magill, 1989. It is as though the apprehension of eternal beauty and perfection were itself a matter composed of his rhythmical lines, soothing colors, and elongated shapes. Botticellis allegorical paintings, including Primavera and The Birth of Venus, are his most successful and best-known works. These paintings are largely undocumented but can be dated in the late 1470s. Their exact meaning, as well as the circumstances surrounding their commissioning, is still uncertain. Precise identification of the figures is frustrated by the fact that Botticellis female types rarely change. This observation has lead critics to believe that the allegories were partially intended as exemplars. .u3348a7219989d2f13caed98df8e440d5 , .u3348a7219989d2f13caed98df8e440d5 .postImageUrl , .u3348a7219989d2f13caed98df8e440d5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3348a7219989d2f13caed98df8e440d5 , .u3348a7219989d2f13caed98df8e440d5:hover , .u3348a7219989d2f13caed98df8e440d5:visited , .u3348a7219989d2f13caed98df8e440d5:active { border:0!important; } .u3348a7219989d2f13caed98df8e440d5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3348a7219989d2f13caed98df8e440d5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3348a7219989d2f13caed98df8e440d5:active , .u3348a7219989d2f13caed98df8e440d5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3348a7219989d2f13caed98df8e440d5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3348a7219989d2f13caed98df8e440d5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3348a7219989d2f13caed98df8e440d5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3348a7219989d2f13caed98df8e440d5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3348a7219989d2f13caed98df8e440d5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3348a7219989d2f13caed98df8e440d5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3348a7219989d2f13caed98df8e440d5 .u3348a7219989d2f13caed98df8e440d5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3348a7219989d2f13caed98df8e440d5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Dutch and flemish paintings EssayIn the 1490s, Botticelli experienced a religious crisis. Around the year 1498, Florence was troubled by the violent words of Fra Girolamo Savonarola, who spoke against anything that was not, in his view, necessary to the life of man. The population was in great turmoil, divided between his followers and the angry ones, until he was eventually burnt at the stake in the Piazza della Signoria. These events affected Botticelli deeply, and his works of the time showed a dramatic force, not previously present. They developed a more careful characterization of the faces, which became more serious and concentrated. His subsequent works reflected an intense religious devotion. Botticelli lived during a time when masterpieces were ground out on a daily basis and when humdrum or copycat art did not exist Milani, 1996. The period between 1500 and 1750 was a time of unparalleled, world-class creativity and discovery. Botticelli worked at the beginning of the Renaissance, when artists and philosophers were gaining confidence about their ability to understand nature. Although Botticelli was viewed as a technically resourceful painter in his time, he was eventually eclipsed by Leonardo da Vinci, whose range of human gestures, dynamic compositions, and use of light and shade made Botticelli seem old-fashioned. However, in the late nineteenth century, he was reinstated because he represented the simplicity and sincerity of early Italian art. Botticellis previous standing among the leading artists of his day ensured that even though the new generation of artists, such as Leonardo, Raphael, and Michelangelo, received the most important commissions, Botticellis opinion was still valued. It was suggested that to Isabella dEste that Botticelli should be invited to complement Mantegnas contribution to her Studiolo, and tow years later he was among those who were called upon to decide on the placing of Michelangelos David in Florence. After 1500, there are no paintings from Botticellis hand. He was only fifty-six, and still might have had some art left in him, but he yielded place to Leonardo and Michelangelo, and lapsed into morose poverty. Sandro Botticelli died in 1510 after painting Scenes from the Life of the Virgin, The Last Actions of St. Zanobi, and Mystic Nativity a few years earlier. .

Thou Shalt Not Remove Buildings by Writing on Them, and Other Strange Laws - The Writers For Hire

THOU SHALT NOT REMOVE BUILDINGS BY WRITING ON THEM, AND OTHER STRANGE LAWS There is a proverb that states that the pen is mightier than the sword. And I am sure that many writers would agree with that sentiment. Apparently the state of Maryland feels strongly about it, too. So strongly, in fact, that they seem to think the pen is mighty enough to remove a building, simply by writing on it. The law actually states that a person may not deface, injure, or remove any fence, gate, railing, porch, building, or other structure upon public land, by writing on it. While it is probably a safe assumption that the law means that vandalizing property with graffiti is illegal, it is definitely an odd way to word it. As strange as that law sounds, though, it’s not the only unusual law that the state has. In Maryland, it is also illegal to take a lion to the movies, be in a public park while wearing a sleeveless shirt, and use profane language while on the highway. It seems that the laws in Maryland are tame compared to some of the crazy laws in other states, though. In Wisconsin, there are some very strict rules and laws regarding margarine and butter substitutes. For example, butter substitutes are not allowed to be served in state prisons, and margarine cannot be substituted for butter in restaurants, unless a customer specifically requests it. Wisconsin’s wacky laws don’t stop at just margarine, though. They, naturally, have several cheese-related laws, too. My personal favorite is the state law that makes it illegal to serve apple pie in restaurants without cheese. When examining strange state laws, one can’t help but wonder how a specific laws came into effect. Some laws, such Maryland’s ban on Quakers and witches, are clearly just out-of-date and need to be updated. Others, though, are not so clear. Take Utah’s law against hunting for whales, for example. —Kind of an odd law for a land-locked state, don’t you think? Both Arizona and Georgia have law against donkeys in bathtubs, and several states outlaw the practice of fishing from a giraffe’s back. How such laws came to be may be unknown, but we cannot deny that they are entertaining, to say the least. If you want to know more about strange laws in each state, check out dumblaws.com.

Speech Essay Sample - How to Write a Speech Essay Sample For Your Purpose

Speech Essay Sample - How to Write a Speech Essay Sample For Your PurposeIf you are serious about writing a speech essay, here is a guide on how to write a speech essay sample for your own needs. So you can say that it is your job now to turn the blank paper of your blank sheet of a course into the text of your own masterpiece.Writing a speech can be a very essential part of preparing for an important speech, for a workshop or for a lecture. It can be as simple as writing a note which is mainly composed of a few sentences but will have something to say about a certain topic or as complex as reading an essay which is required for a job interview.So what would you say about your speech? Of course you have some ideas but this could not help you if you do not know how to create your own idea? Here are a few hints and tips that may help you to go in for a great idea.It is important to keep your speech with your talk topic, for this will help you come up with a good idea, in that case you have to think about it at least for an hour. All you need to do is just sit at your computer and look up some interesting topic and start to think about what you have to say, and if you know more about your topic, this will make your task easier.You need to take time to determine the kind of words to use in your speech. There are a lot of speeches which have been produced by some high school students in the last few years. But in the end all the students have been able to stand up for their principal.The best-known one among them is the common idea which will also be seen in a lot of class conversations today. Thus it is very necessary to think about what your ideas may be before you start to write.To conclude this article, we would like to say that the best way to go in for a speech essay sample is the way it was used by the high school students of a few years ago. So, after reading this article you will surely understand what kind of speech essay sample you will need for your purp ose.

Free Essays on The Construction Of Poes Works

The Construction of Poe’s Works All writers have their own style of writing. This is no different with Edgar Allen Poe and his pessimistic style. Aristotle said that unities in every story were time (usually twenty four hours), place (one or two), and characters (one or two). However, Poe added effect to his stories and poetry. He did all of this by writing his poetry or short story so that it caught the reader’s attention quickly. Because, â€Å"if any literary work is too long to be read at one sitting, we must be content to dispense with the immensely important effect derivable from unity of impression- for, if two sittings be required, the affairs of the world interfere, and every thing like totality is at once destroyed.† For this very reason, he used â€Å"en medias res,† which is starting the story right where the action begins, in the middle. This keeps the reader’s attention because there is no leading up to the climax, we are thrown into it as soon as we start reading. Edgar Allen Poe’s murder stories have a few distinct characteristics. First, the narrator is usually a psychopathological murderer. Second, the opening dialogue is usually the narrator telling the readers of his act. Third, they have a secretive burial of the body. And fourth, because Poe is interested in the psychology of the criminal, the murderer feels psychological uneasiness. We see all of these characteristics in Edgar Allen Poe’s short story The Tell Tale Heart. Poe obviously wanted the murder to be the climax of the story because he told us in the second paragraph that he had made up his mind, â€Å"to take the life of the old man, and this rid [himself] of the eye forever† (2420). As with all of Poe’s short stories the opening dialogue is usually the murderer talking about his murderous act. Poe takes us to the murder scene by telling us the events of carrying out his plot. So obviously the murder has already taken pla... Free Essays on The Construction Of Poe's Works Free Essays on The Construction Of Poe's Works The Construction of Poe’s Works All writers have their own style of writing. This is no different with Edgar Allen Poe and his pessimistic style. Aristotle said that unities in every story were time (usually twenty four hours), place (one or two), and characters (one or two). However, Poe added effect to his stories and poetry. He did all of this by writing his poetry or short story so that it caught the reader’s attention quickly. Because, â€Å"if any literary work is too long to be read at one sitting, we must be content to dispense with the immensely important effect derivable from unity of impression- for, if two sittings be required, the affairs of the world interfere, and every thing like totality is at once destroyed.† For this very reason, he used â€Å"en medias res,† which is starting the story right where the action begins, in the middle. This keeps the reader’s attention because there is no leading up to the climax, we are thrown into it as soon as we start reading. Edgar Allen Poe’s murder stories have a few distinct characteristics. First, the narrator is usually a psychopathological murderer. Second, the opening dialogue is usually the narrator telling the readers of his act. Third, they have a secretive burial of the body. And fourth, because Poe is interested in the psychology of the criminal, the murderer feels psychological uneasiness. We see all of these characteristics in Edgar Allen Poe’s short story The Tell Tale Heart. Poe obviously wanted the murder to be the climax of the story because he told us in the second paragraph that he had made up his mind, â€Å"to take the life of the old man, and this rid [himself] of the eye forever† (2420). As with all of Poe’s short stories the opening dialogue is usually the murderer talking about his murderous act. Poe takes us to the murder scene by telling us the events of carrying out his plot. So obviously the murder has already taken pla...

Baroque Era

In all respects, baroque music is like the anger of teenagers. Well, even in such a way that you do not pay for the way we expect from modern teenagers, they may not be criticized as all they might be surprised. But what do you do, what is a teenager? Briefly, teenagers are no longer children, not adults. When all the rules are broken, there seems to be nothing that matches it, and when the mood fluctuates dramatically, this is the middle stage of embarrassment. This is Baroque music. To better understand this, remember that the Renaissance is the reproduction of art and music, and the classical era is its birth. The Baroque era is thought to be the beginning of expansion of Western European civilization. The word baroque comes from Portuguese and represents irregular shaped pearls. It is translated from Italian into strange and strange things. The Baroque era refused to regard it as ignorance and wild nature. During this period, women should be unnaturally pale and their bodies shou ld have mysterious hair, but men should not have whiskers or wigs on their heads. He should be full of strength and aroma. (Bukofzer, 24 years old) The era of Baroque art was classified as many as the early Baroque era, the high Baroque era, and the late Baroque era. The era of Rococo art is often regarded as part of the late Baroque era. Over the years, the time frame of the Rococo era and whether it is the same as the Baroque era. The era of Baroque art and Rococo art may be classified in the same era, but in fact it is very unique and unique. The era of baroque art from the 1600s to the mid 1700s began during the Catholic reform in Rome in Italy and spread rapidly to most parts of Europe. In the late 1500s Protestant reform began to attack doctrine like the Catholic church. In response to these attacks, the Catholic Pope began a campaign in the church to rebuild and disseminate Catholic faith. In the meantime most people are unable to read and write, so the church has to design a way to disseminate the message of the gospel so that everyone can understand it. The most important elements of the Baroque period were religious reform and anti-reform, and the development of the Baroque style was thought to be closely related to the Catholic Church. The Catholic Church encouraged the popularity of the Baroque style, the Catholic Church decided at the Trent Committee that art should convey religious themes and guide emotional participation in response to Protestant reforms. The most important elements of the Baroque period were religious reform and anti-reform, and the development of the Baroque style was thought to be closely related to the Catholic Church. In fact, the popularity of this style is encouraged by the Catholic Church. And it has decided that in the Trent Council art should convey religious themes and lead emotional participation in response to Protestant reform.

Role of HR in Developing Talent at Work Literature review

Role of HR in Developing Talent at Work - Literature review Example Hence the role and responsibility of HR as facilitator and developer of talent of its workforce with a view to achieve its overall business objective has assumed key significance over the years. The recent decades has seen a drastic change in demographic patterns, along with significant transformation in the political, economic as well as corporate fields. This has largely contributed to the changing perceptions of the way in which HR addresses issues related to hiring and training of employees (Gandossy & Kao, 2004). Such changes in almost all factors external to the organization are shifting the trends of corporate world, whereby there is a change in negotiation of power as well as the relationship between employers and employees. Talent management and development is being touted as one of the most significant and crucial aspects within the corporate world, today, as established and confirmed by various researchers (Gutheridge, Dommm & Lawson, 2006; Sandler, 2006; Handfield-Jones, Michaels, & Axelrod, 2001). Such studies indicate that effective development and management of talent by the HR has significant impact on the finances of the firm, i.e. there is a direct relationship between talent development and financial returns of the company. The better the talent development and management the higher the profits and returns. The concept of talent management was first conceptualized during the second World War (Capelli, 2008) and assumed greater significance during the late 1990s (Scullion and Collings, 2010). The twentieth century saw a sudden change in the attitudes of the HR management team, whereby the focus was shifted to developing, managing and retaining talent in the workforce. It was during this time that the need and realization for a talented workforce was on the rise and the significance of a talented workforce became one of the crucial aspects of organizations worldwide (Makela et al., 2010). It was established through various studies that the key to maximizing productivity and ultimately profitability was through adoption of a systematic and effective strategy aimed at developing talent at work and through hiring, selecting, developing and retaining a talented pool of employees (Huselid et al., 2005). Developing talent at work has increasingly been accepted as one of the key strategic functions of the HR, in most of the organizations globally. The development of talent, however is not restricted to merely hiring of talented workforce but also includes incorporating development programs with a view to sharpening the skills of the current pool of employees. According to the ex-CEO pf Procter and Gamble - the world's largest consumer groups, their company spends half of their time in developing talent (Holstein, 2005), thus re-affirming the significance of talent development as a key HR function. In the most broadest term, the concept of talent management / development indicates developing a wide range of strategies and policie s aimed at enhancing and developing the skills of employees at the workplace and includes attracting, hiring, developing, utilizing as well as retaining the skills crucial to the organizations and using the abilities and skills of the employees in an optimum manner, for the benefit of the organizat

Charles Lindbergh and American Isolationism Essay

Charles Lindbergh and American Isolationism - Essay Example The interwar movement of peace was dominantly the largest movement of masses during 1920 to 1930; however that mobilization is usually oversight due to a consensus that brought the country to intervene in the world war ll. The investigations of senate about war profiteering and hidden mention deals had widely spread the skepticism of war. A popular figure named Charles Lindbergh had been the diehard isolationist of right wing and he was an executive member of the America First Committee (Gordon). Charles Lindbergh had been the spokesperson of American First Committee (AFC) with extreme views. He had introduced a radical theme into AFC to aid Germany in the war which was strongly opposed by majority supporters of the AFC. Numerous AFC supporters like other majority Americans wanted England to win the war despite no help. A few AFC members only counted for greater freedom and democracy (Rodosh). However Lindbergh had a concern for such values for the world in broader terms. He used to share the racial beliefs and words of many leaders. The first clear anti-Semitic attack committee came in the September and Lindbergh was its author. Since that AFC became more desperate. The issue of Lend – Lease had added aggression to the anti German campaign. The threat of Charles Lindbergh was quite obvious as it was an unconscious paraphrase of Hitler’s threat that he delivered in 1939. The press had an explosive and instant reaction over the overt of Lindbergh. Even the isola tionist newspapers like Hearst had also criticized him the same way. Chicago Tribune had also condemned his statement about Hitlerism Frank Gannet dissociated his newspaper from the committee (Douglas, 2000). The speech of Lindbergh resulted in weakening the isolationism as well as unity of the American First Committee. People like Norman Thomas, Oswald Villard and many others left the committee. However the